At present,there are 44 wafer fabs in China,including 25 12-inch wafer fabs,4 6-inch wafer fabs,and 15 8-inch wafer fabs and production lines.In the next two to three years,China will build 32 new wafer fabs,mainly targeting mature processes.It is expected that by 2027,mainland China will have 33% of the world's mature chip production capacity, achieving a chip self-sufficiency rate of more than 60%.
China's chip production capacity is developing rapidly,which can not only meet domestic market demand,but is also expected to occupy a place in the international market.This is of great significance to China's independent innovation and high-quality development.However, while China is developing mature process production capacity,it should also accelerate the development of advanced processes.
Although the current application scope of advanced technology in China is relatively narrow,with the continuous emergence of new technologies,especially the development of artificial intelligence,mobile communications and other fields,the demand for advanced technology is also growing.Therefore,China needs to continuously improve its R&D strength and innovation capabilities while ensuring mature process production capacity,and gradually move towards advanced processes.
The difference and importance of mature technology and advanced technology
According to industry practice,processes of 28nm and above are called mature processes,while processes smaller than 28nm(such as 16nm,14nm,etc.)are called advanced processes,with 28nm being the dividing point.According to data, the number of chips with mature processes accounts for about 75% of the global market share,while advanced processes only account for about 25%.In the world, only a few manufacturers have mastered advanced technology.Relatively speaking, most manufacturers are still using mature processes.
There are many reasons why mature processes still dominate the current market.First of all,mature processes are widely used and cover the production needs of most chips,such as computer CPUs,mobile phone SoCs,artificial intelligence and GPU chips.Secondly,the stability and reliability of the mature process have been verified for a long time and have been widely recognized in practical applications.In addition,the manufacturing cost of mature processes is relatively low,suitable for large-scale production,and can meet the mass production needs of the market.
However,with the continuous advancement of science and technology and changes in market demand,the importance of advanced technology has become increasingly prominent.Especially in the fields of high-performance computing,Internet of Things,5G communications and artificial intelligence,the requirements for chip performance and power consumption are getting higher and higher.Advanced processes have higher integration,lower power consumption and better performance,which can improve the chip's computing power and energy efficiency to meet the needs of emerging application scenarios.Therefore, for China,the development of mature processes is as important as advanced processes. It is necessary to accelerate the research and development of advanced processes while expanding the production capacity of mature processes.
Challenges and prospects for China’s chip production capacity expansion
China's chip production capacity expansion faces some challenges and difficulties. First of all,compared with advanced processes,the R&D and manufacturing processes of mature processes are relatively simple,but achieving large-scale production expansion still requires the investment of a lot of human,material and financial resources. Secondly,chip manufacturing involves complex technological processes and high-precision equipment requirements.Technology and equipment are highly dependent on imports,and independent innovation needs to be increased. In addition,the shortage of talents is also one of the factors restricting the expansion of chip production capacity,and it is necessary to strengthen the training and introduction of relevant majors.
However,the prospects for China's chip production capacity expansion are still broad.As the country's support for the semiconductor industry continues to increase,as well as the introduction of relevant policies and the advancement of reforms,China's chip production capacity and independent research and development capabilities will be further improved.At the same time,with the rapid growth of the domestic market and the accumulation of technology,China has certain advantages and potential in the field of chip manufacturing.Although it is currently facing some challenges, it is foreseeable that China's chip production capacity will continue to expand and its self-sufficiency rate will continue to increase,making greater contributions to the scientific and technological development of China and the world.
Summarize
China's mature chip production capacity leads the world,reaching 29%,which has important strategic significance and development potential.China is not only one of the world's largest chip markets,but also a global manufacturing power. Improving chip production capacity and self-sufficiency is crucial to promoting China's high-quality development and achieving independent innovation.At present,China has made great progress in mature processes,but it also needs to accelerate the research and development and promotion of advanced processes to meet the needs of emerging application scenarios.
Although China's chip production capacity expansion faces some challenges,such as technical bottlenecks,equipment dependence and talent shortages,China's chip production capacity expansion prospects are still broad.By increasing policy support,strengthening independent innovation and talent training,China is expected to achieve greater breakthroughs and progress in the field of chip manufacturing.In the future,China's chip production capacity will continue to increase and its self-sufficiency rate will be significantly improved,bringing more opportunities and challenges to the scientific and technological development of China and the world.
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