1. The necessity of electrostatic protection
Static electricity is a basic physical phenomenon. The basic physical characteristics are: static electricity can produce attractive or exclusive effects, forming potential differences between the earth, and may generate discharge current. In daily life, static electricity phenomena are common, such as rubbing clothes and charging and separation. The impact of electrostatic electronic components is mainly manifested in the following three aspects:
Static adsorption: objects with static electricity can adsorb light objects, such as dust, fiber, etc. These small small objects are attached to the surface of the electronic component, which will affect its performance. For example, adsorbing dust and other particles, thereby reducing the insulation resistance of the component, which may shorten life.
Static discharge: The object with the electrical object is directly contacted or induced by the power, and then the electronic component is used to generate an electric shock by discharge, thereby damaging the electronic component, which is usually called static damage.
Electricity induction: Static electricity can produce a certain electromagnetic field, with a range of hundreds of volts/meters, and the spectrum is extremely wide. From tens of mega to several dollars, it may cause electromagnetic interference, affect the normal work of other electronic products, and even damage other other damage to other other electronic products electronic product. The damage caused by these three forms to components may be permanent, irreversible functional damage, or temporary; it may be a sudden failure or potential failure.
Generally speaking, components may suffer from electrostatic damage from production to use. According to the stage of static electricity, it can be divided into: component manufacturing process, including manufacturing, cutting, wiring, inspection and delivery; printing circuit The production process of board includes the process of receiving, acceptance, storage, welding, quality tube, packaging to shipment, etc.; The equipment manufacturing process, including circuit board acceptance, storage, assembly, quality management, shipment and other processes; Cargo, installation, testing, use and maintenance, maintenance and other processes. Therefore, in order to ensure the reliability of electronic equipment, effective electrostatic protection measures must be taken to reduce the impact of electrical electronic components on electronic components.
2.the basic principle of static protection protection
The basic principle of electrostatic protection is to avoid or reduce the impact of electrical components by suppressing the generation, accumulation and discharge of static electricity. Specifically, the following measures can be taken:
Inhibit the production of static electricity: By reducing friction and humidity to inhibit the production of electrostatic.
Prevent static accumulation: Prevent the accumulation of static electricity through measures such as grounding, shielding. For the accumulation of accumulated charge, it should be eliminated quickly and reliable.
Inhibit the discharge of static electricity: By increasing the insulation layer and the use of anti -static materials and other measures to suppress the discharge of electrostatic electricity.
3. Measures for electrostatic protection
The core of static protection during production is "static elimination". In order to reduce the impact of electrostatic electronic components, the following types of electrostatic protection measures can be taken:
Use anti -static materials: The use of anti -static materials can effectively reduce the generation and accumulation of static electricity. For example, the use of anti -static floor, anti -static workwear, anti -static gloves, etc. can effectively reduce the phenomenon of friction and charging and separation.
Increasing humidity: Increasing the humidity of the workplace can effectively reduce the generation and accumulation of static electricity. Generally speaking, the relative humidity can effectively reduce the generation of electrostatic at about 50%.
Ground: Ground is the most basic way to eliminate static dangers. By connecting the charging body and the earth, the charge can be imported into the earth to eliminate the harm of static electricity. At the same time, in the process of manufacturing, the grounding of equipment and personnel as a must -have part of the process requirement.
Shielding: Shielding is one of the important measures to eliminate static dangers. By surrounding the charging body, it can prevent the occurrence of electrostatic sensing and discharge. For example, when storing and transporting electronic components, a metal shielding bag or shielding room can be used to prevent static discharge from affecting it.
Ion neutrality: ion neutrality is one of the important measures to eliminate static hazards. By injecting the opposite charge or using the ion generator, the charger is neutralized to eliminate the harm of electrical electricity.
Strengthen employee training and education: Strengthen employees 'training and education of electrostatic protection knowledge, and increase employees' awareness and protection awareness of electrostatic hazards. It is one of the important measures to reduce electrostatic hazards. Employees need to understand the knowledge of the principle, hazards and protection measures of static electricity to better protect the protection.
Strengthen the maintenance and maintenance of equipment: regular inspections and maintenance equipment can be discovered and potential problems can be discovered in time.
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